Marxism and Liberal Humanism are quite different from one another. Liberal Humanism is a term that is used before theory was even applied to the analysis of literature. It is considered to be nonpolitical, non-Marxist, non-feminist, non-theoretical, etc. A liberal humanist would not dare use any of these labels. Liberal humanism also utilizes the ten tenets: literature goes beyond the time it had been written in and focuses on human nature. Another tenet states that the text of a piece of literature must be seperated from the context. In addition to these, the idea of the human condition remaining constant and unchanging is yet another tenet. Another ideology is that individuality cannot be transformed or altered in any way; the idea that the individual is able to rise above problems dealing with society, politics, environment, and so on.
On the contrary, Marxism is considered to be political and social with regard to interpreting literature. The goal of Marxism is to create a classless society, where everyone works collectively for the community. Capitalism cannot exist in a Marxist society. A Marxist's aim is to create social equality by removing the ideology that the worker is a thing part of the machine, so to speak. Reification is the term used to describe a worker who in some sense is dehumanized and reduced to an object. 'Leninist' Marxist criticism, for example, is a branch of Marxist criticism employed by Lenin himself. He claims that literature must become a sort of tool for the social-democratic party. Literature become a form of propoganda, a way of indoctrination.
The major difference between Liberal Humanism and Marxism is opinion and the lack there of. One can quickly discover a text that is Marxist due to its many opinions. Liberal Humanism, on the other hand, lacks this attitude.
Wednesday, September 17, 2008
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